Muri iki gihe cyiterambere ryihuse ryikoranabuhanga hamwe nigihe gihora gihinduka, moteri ihoraho ya magnetiki synchronous moteri (PMSM) ni nkisaro yaka. Hamwe nibikorwa byayo byiza cyane kandi byizewe cyane, byagaragaye mu nganda n’inganda nyinshi, kandi buhoro buhoro byahindutse isoko yingenzi yingufu zingufu.Icyerekezo cyo gukoresha moteri ihoraho ya moteri ihoraho ishobora kuvugwa ko iri hose, kandi aho ikoreshwa iracyakomeza kwaguka no kwaguka, byerekana imbaraga ziterambere ryiterambere hamwe nicyerekezo kinini cyo gushyira mubikorwa.

1. Imashini ihoraho ya rukuruzi ya moteri - itwara imbaraga zingirakamaro

Imashini ihoraho ya rukuruzi ya moteri, nkumuhagarariye wintangarugero mubijyanye na moteri yamashanyarazi, ifite uburyo bukora buhuza neza amahame ya magnesi zihoraho hamwe no kwinjiza amashanyarazi. By'umwihariko, ibyara stator magnetiki yumurima neza binyuze mumaseti ahoraho, kandi ikoresha amashanyarazi kugirango itere imbaraga za rukuruzi zuzunguruka mumashanyarazi yakomeretse neza. Ikidasanzwe cyane ni uko mugihe gikora, stator ya magnetiki yumurima hamwe na rotor ya magnetiki yumurima burigihe bigumana umuvuduko ukabije wo kuzunguruka. Byombi bikorera hamwe nkumubyinnyi uhujwe neza, bityo izina "moteri ya syncron".

Duhereye ku miterere yimiterere, moteri ihoraho ya moteri ihuza cyane cyane ibice bikurikira:

1. Stator:

Mubisanzwe bikozwe mumabati ya silicon yegeranye kumurongo, iki gishushanyo kirashobora kugabanya neza igihombo cya hystereze hamwe nigihombo cya eddy. Mubice bya stator, hariho amatsinda menshi yuburyo bwateguwe neza bwa stator ihindagurika cyane, ibyo bikaba aribice byingenzi byo guhindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi ingufu za magneti.

2. Rotor:

Ikozwe mubikoresho bikoresha imbaraga za magnetiki zihoraho (nka magneti ya NdFeB yateye imbere) hamwe ningufu zikomeye za rukuruzi nimbaraga zikomeye zo guhatira. Iyo rotor izunguruka, irashobora kubyara imbaraga zikomeye kandi zihamye, zitanga umusingi ukomeye wo gukora neza moteri.

3. Umugenzuzi:

Nka "ubwonko bwubwenge" bwimikorere ya moteri, ikoresha tekinoroji igezweho yo kugenzura ibyuma bya elegitoronike kugirango ihindure neza ingano iriho, icyiciro na amplitude byinjira muri stator yinjira, bityo bigere ku kugenzura neza umuvuduko wa moteri, torque nibindi bikorwa, byemeza ko moteri ishobora gukora neza kandi neza mubihe bitandukanye bikora.

2. Ihame ryakazi rya moteri ihoraho ya moteri ikora - Gukwirakwiza ikoranabuhanga nubwenge

Igikorwa cyimikorere ya moteri ihoraho ya magnetiki ni nkibirori byikoranabuhanga bya koreografiya, bikubiyemo ahanini intambwe zikurikira:

Iyo amashanyarazi atangwa n'amashanyarazi yo hanze anyujijwe neza muri stator ihindagurika, umurima wa magneti uzunguruka uhita ubyara imbere muri stator ukurikije amategeko yo kwinjiza amashanyarazi. Umwanya wa magneti ni nkutagaragara "kuzunguruka imbaraga zumurima" hamwe nicyerekezo cyihariye cyo kuzunguruka n'umuvuduko.

Hanyuma, magnesi zihoraho kuri rotor zikoreshwa ningufu zihamye kandi zihoraho zo gutwara munsi yingaruka zikomeye za stator zizunguruka. Izi mbaraga zo gutwara zitera rotor gukurikiranira hafi injyana yizunguruka yumurongo wa magnetiki ya stator no kuzunguruka bihamye kumuvuduko umwe.

Umugenzuzi afite uruhare runini mubikorwa byose. Nubushobozi bwayo "bwo kwiyumvisha" hamwe nubushobozi "bwo kubara", bukurikirana imikorere ya moteri mugihe nyacyo, kandi igahindura byihuse kandi neza ibipimo bigezweho byinjiza stator byinjira bikurikije ingamba zateganijwe zo kugenzura. Muguhindura ubushishozi icyiciro cyubu hamwe na amplitude, umuvuduko wa moteri urashobora gutegekwa neza kandi n'umuriro urashobora kugenzurwa neza, bigatuma moteri ishobora gukomeza gukora neza kandi ihamye mubikorwa bitandukanye bigoye.

Nibyo rwose iyi mikorere ihebuje iranga ituma moteri ihoraho ya moteri ikora kugirango igaragaze imikorere itagereranywa hamwe nibyiza byo guhagarara neza mubintu byinshi byakoreshwaga, bigatuma ihitamo imbaraga zizwi mubikorwa byinganda nubuhanga bugezweho.

3. Ibyiza bya tekinike byerekanwe byuzuye - guhuza neza imikorere myiza no gukora neza

Impamvu ituma moteri zihoraho zihoraho zigaragara muri moteri nyinshi zamashanyarazi biterwa nibyiza byinshi bya tekinike:

1.Ubushobozi buhanitse:

Imashini ihoraho ya moteri yerekana imikorere itangaje muburyo bwo guhindura ingufu. Ingufu zabo zo guhindura imbaraga mubisanzwe zishobora kugera kuri 90%. Mubintu bimwe byateye imbere mubisabwa, birashobora no kwegera cyangwa kurenga 95% murwego rwo hejuru. Iyi mikorere myiza cyane ituma imurika mubikorwa bisaba ingufu zingirakamaro cyane (nkumurima wibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi). Guhindura ingufu neza ntabwo biteza imbere cyane iterambere ryokuzigama ingufu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, ariko kandi bifite akamaro kanini mukwongerera igihe cya bateri yimodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, bigatuma abakoresha uburambe bwabakoresha kandi bunoze.

2. Ubucucike bukabije:

Turashimira ikoreshwa ryibikorwa bya magneti bihoraho, moteri ihoraho ya moteri irashobora gusohora imbaraga zikomeye munsi yubunini bumwe nuburemere. Izi mbaraga zingana ziranga zitanga inyungu ntagereranywa mugukoresha aho umutungo wumwanya ufite agaciro. Kurugero, mukibuga cyindege, buri santimetero yumwanya na garama yuburemere bifitanye isano no gutsinda cyangwa kunanirwa ubutumwa bwindege. Imbaraga nyinshi ziranga moteri ihoraho ya moteri ihuriweho na moteri irashobora kuba yujuje ibyangombwa byindege kugirango indege ikoreshwe kandi ikore neza; kimwe, mubijyanye n’ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bikora cyane, moteri yubucucike bukabije ifasha kuzamura imikorere yikinyabiziga, bigatuma ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bigera ku kwihuta byihuse kandi byihuse, bizana abashoferi uburambe bwo gutwara.

3. Ibihe byiza biranga igisubizo kiranga:

Moteri ihoraho ya moteri ya moteri ifite ubushobozi buhebuje bwo gusubiza byihuse kugirango ihindure imitwaro, irashobora gutanga umuriro mwinshi wo gutangira ako kanya, kandi igakomeza umuvuduko wihuse mugihe gikurikira. Iki gisubizo cyiza cyane cyibisubizo kiranga gishobora gutuma gikora neza mugihe gisaba kugenzura neza cyane no kwihuta gusubiza, nko gutwara imashini za robo zinganda, gutunganya neza ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC, nibindi. Muri ubu buryo, moteri ihoraho ya magnetiki irashobora guhuza byihuse kandi neza amabwiriza yatanzwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura, kwemeza neza imikorere yibikorwa bya kijyambere.

4. Urusaku ruke no kubungabunga bike:

Moteri ihoraho ya moteri ikora itanga urusaku ruto mugihe cyo gukora, bitewe nibikorwa byayo bihamye hamwe nuburyo bugezweho. Muri icyo gihe kimwe, kubera ko ikoresha magnesi zihoraho nkisoko ya magnetiki yumurima, ntisaba ibice byangiritse nko guswera muri moteri gakondo, bityo bikagabanya cyane amafaranga yo kubungabunga no kubungabunga inshuro. Ubuzima bwakazi bwa moteri burashobora kwongerwa cyane, kugabanya igihe nigiciro cyibikoresho byo gufata igihe, kubungabunga ubwizerwe no gutuza kwa sisitemu yose, no kuzana abakoresha uburambe bwizewe kandi burambye.

4. Urwego runini rwibikorwa - urumuri rwikoranabuhanga rumurikira ibintu byose byubuzima

Moteri ihoraho ya moteri ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda nyinshi kubera ibyiza byayo byiza, kandi yabaye imbaraga zingenzi mugutezimbere iterambere ryinganda zitandukanye:

1. Umwanya w'amashanyarazi:

Kubera ko isi iha agaciro kanini kurengera ibidukikije n’iterambere rirambye, inganda z’amashanyarazi zatangije igihe cyizahabu cyiterambere rikomeye. Nka sisitemu yibanze yimodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, moteri ihoraho ya magnetiki ikora bigira uruhare runini. Imikorere yacyo ihanitse ituma ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bigabanya cyane gukoresha ingufu za bateri mugihe cyo gutwara, kuzamura cyane urwego rwo gutwara, no kugabanya inshuro zo kwishyuza. Muri icyo gihe, ibiranga ingufu nyinshi biranga ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi gukora cyane, bikabasha guhangana byoroshye nuburyo butandukanye bwimihanda nibikenerwa gutwara, kwihuta vuba, no gutwara neza. Ikoreshwa rya moteri zihoraho za moteri zihuza nta gushidikanya ko zagize uruhare runini mu iterambere ry’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi kandi ziteza imbere icyatsi kibisi cy’inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga ku isi.

2. Gutangiza inganda:

Mwisi nini yimashini za robo yinganda nibikoresho byikora, moteri ihoraho ya magnetiki ihindagurika buhoro buhoro ihinduka imbaraga nyamukuru yo guhitamo ingufu. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo kugenzura no kwihuta byihuse birashobora kuba byujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa bya robo yinganda kugirango zihure mugihe cyo gukora ibintu bigoye. Niba ari robot ifata neza, guterana byoroshye, cyangwa kugenzura umuvuduko mwinshi, moteri ihoraho ya magnetique irashobora gutanga imbaraga zihamye kandi zizewe kugirango imbaraga zose za robo zibe zuzuye. Mu bikoresho by'imashini za CNC, sisitemu zo gutanga zikoresha mu buryo bwikora, hamwe n'imirongo itandukanye itanga inganda zikoresha inganda, moteri ihoraho ya magnetique nayo igira uruhare runini, ifasha ibigo kugera kubikorwa byogukora neza, byubwenge kandi byikora, kuzamura umusaruro nubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa, kugabanya ibiciro byumusaruro, no kuzamura ubushobozi bwamasosiyete kumasoko.

3. Umwanya w'ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa:

Mu rwego rwo kubyara ingufu z'umuyaga, umurima w'ingufu z'icyatsi, moteri ihoraho ya magnetiki ihoraho, nkibice byingenzi bigize umuyaga w’umuyaga, bigira uruhare runini muguhindura neza ingufu zumuyaga ingufu zamashanyarazi. Hamwe nubushobozi bwabo buhanitse kandi burambye, moteri ihoraho ya moteri irashobora gukora neza mubidukikije bigoye kandi bihinduka, bigakoresha byimazeyo ingufu zumuyaga kugirango bigere kumashanyarazi adahoraho mumashanyarazi. Muri icyo gihe, muri sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, moteri ihoraho ya moteri ya moteri nayo ni ibintu by'ingenzi bigize inverters, bitwaje ubutumwa bw'ingenzi bwo guhindura amashanyarazi mu buryo butandukanye. Mugutezimbere uburyo bwo guhindura amashanyarazi no kunoza imikorere rusange ya sisitemu yo kubyaza ingufu amashanyarazi, zitanga ingwate zikomeye zo gukoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, isoko y’ingufu zisukuye, kandi bigateza imbere iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda zishobora kongera ingufu ku isi.

4. Ibikoresho byo mu rugo:

Imashini zihoraho za magnetique zigenda ziyongera cyane mubikoresho byo murugo nka konderasi, firigo, imashini imesa, nibindi bifitanye isano rya bugufi nubuzima bwa buri munsi bwabantu. Gukora neza kwayo bituma ibikoresho byo murugo bigabanya cyane gukoresha ingufu mugihe gikora, bizigama fagitire y'amashanyarazi kubakoresha. Mugihe kimwe, ibyiza byurusaku ruto bitera umwuka wamahoro kandi mwiza kubidukikije murugo kandi bikazamura imibereho yabakoresha. Mugihe ibyifuzo byabaguzi kubikorwa nubuziranenge bwibikoresho byo murugo bikomeje kwiyongera, moteri ya magneti ihoraho ihora igenda ihinduka igisubizo cyatoranijwe kubigo byinshi bikoresha ibikoresho byo murugo kugirango bongere ubushobozi bwibicuruzwa nibikorwa byabo byiza, bizana uburambe bworoshye, bworoshye kandi bwangiza ibidukikije mubuzima bwumuryango.

5.Iterambere ry'ejo hazaza - Guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga biganisha inzira igana imbere

Urebye ejo hazaza, moteri ihoraho ya moteri ikomeza gutera imbere murwego rwo guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, byerekana inzira zitandukanye ziterambere zikurikira:

1. Impinduramatwara yikoranabuhanga ryibikoresho:

Hamwe niterambere rihoraho hamwe niterambere ryibikoresho siyanse, ibikoresho bishya bya magneti bihoraho bizagaragara. Ibi bikoresho bishya bizaba bifite imiterere ya magneti yo hejuru, ihindagurika ryubushyuhe bwiza kandi irwanya ruswa, kandi biteganijwe ko izarushaho kunoza ingufu nubushobozi bwa moteri ihoraho ya moteri. Kurugero, abashakashatsi barimo gushakisha iterambere ryibisekuru bishya byubutaka budasanzwe ibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho hamwe nibikoresho bya magnetique hamwe na microstructures hamwe nibintu byihariye. Gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo bikoresho bishya bizafasha moteri gukomeza gukora neza mu bihe bikabije nkubushyuhe bwo hejuru nuburemere bukabije, gufungura umwanya mugari wo gukoresha moteri ihoraho ya moteri ya syncronique ihoraho mumirima yohejuru nko mu kirere no mubushakashatsi bwimbitse mu nyanja.

2. Kuzamura ubuhanga bwikoranabuhanga bwo kugenzura:

Mubihe byubwenge bwubwubatsi bugenda butera imbere, isesengura ryamakuru makuru hamwe na tekinoroji ya interineti yibintu, sisitemu yo kugenzura moteri ihoraho ya moteri ihuza imbaraga bizana amahirwe ya zahabu yo kuzamura ubwenge. Muguhuza tekinoroji ya sensor igezweho, algorithms yubwenge hamwe nubushobozi bwo gusesengura amakuru, sisitemu yo kugenzura ibinyabiziga izashobora kugera ku gihe gikurikiranwa, gusuzuma amakosa no guhanura neza imikorere ya moteri. Hifashishijwe isesengura rinini ryamakuru, sisitemu yo kugenzura irashobora gucukumbura cyane amateka yimikorere ya moteri, kuvumbura ingaruka zishobora guterwa hakiri kare, kandi igafata ingamba zijyanye no kuyitaho mugihe kugirango wirinde igihombo cyibikorwa nibikoresho byatewe no kunanirwa na moteri. Muri icyo gihe, sisitemu yo kugenzura ubwenge irashobora kandi guhita ihindura ingamba zo kugenzura ukurikije imiterere nyayo ikora hamwe nibisabwa umutwaro wa moteri, bikarushaho kunoza imikorere ya moteri no kwizerwa, kumenya imikorere yubwenge no guhuza n'imikorere ya moteri, kandi bikazana uburambe bwa serivise nziza, yoroshye kandi itekanye mubikorwa byinganda nubuzima bwimibereho.

3. Guhanga udushya twatewe nisoko rishya ryimodoka:

Hamwe nogukomeza kwihuta kwiterambere ryimodoka nshya yingufu zisi, moteri ihoraho ya moteri, nkibice byingenzi byingufu zimodoka nshya zingufu, bizana amahirwe mumasoko atigeze abaho ndetse niterambere ryikoranabuhanga. Mu rwego rwo kuzuza ibyifuzo by’abaguzi byiyongera ku binyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi, imikorere y’ingufu, umutekano no guhumurizwa, abatwara ibinyabiziga n’abatanga ibice bizongera ishoramari ryabo mu bushakashatsi no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rihoraho rya moteri. Mu bihe biri imbere, turateganya kubona imikorere ikora neza, yuzuye ingufu nyinshi, yoroheje kandi igiciro gito cya moteri ihoraho ya moteri ikoreshwa mumodoka nshya. Muri icyo gihe, hamwe n’iterambere rikomeje guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ryo kwishyuza ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi no kunoza ibikorwa remezo byo kwishyuza, moteri zihoraho za magnetiki zihoraho zizagira uruhare runini mu bijyanye n’imodoka nshya z’ingufu, bigatuma inganda z’imodoka ku isi zigana ku cyerekezo kibisi, cyiza kandi kirambye.

4. Kwagura no kwagura ahantu hakoreshwa ingufu zicyatsi:

Hamwe niterambere ryisi yose ikenerwa ningufu zisukuye, moteri ihoraho ya magnetiki ikomeza kwagura ibikorwa byayo no kunoza imikoreshereze ya tekiniki murwego rwo gukoresha ingufu zicyatsi. Usibye gukoreshwa kwinshi mu kubyara ingufu z'umuyaga no kubyara amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, moteri ya magneti ihoraho kandi izagira uruhare runini mu zindi mbaraga z'icyatsi kibisi (nko kubyara amashanyarazi, kubyara ingufu za biomass, n'ibindi). Mugukomeza kunoza igishushanyo mbonera no kugenzura ikoranabuhanga rya moteri no kunoza imikorere no kwizerwa muburyo butandukanye bwo guhindura ingufu, moteri zihoraho za magnetique zihoraho zizatanga ubufasha bukomeye bwa tekinike mu iterambere ry’inganda zikomoka ku bidukikije ku isi kandi zifashe umuryango w’abantu kugera ku cyatsi kibisi cy’ingufu n’intego z’iterambere rirambye.

6. Moteri ihoraho ya moteri ihuza moteri: moteri ikomeye itwara ejo hazaza.

Moteri ihoraho ya moteri ikora ifite uruhare runini mubyiciro byose mubuzima bwiki gihe hamwe nibyiza byihariye byo gukora neza no kwizerwa. Kuva impinduramatwara yicyatsi yibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi kugeza umusaruro-mwinshi mubikorwa byubwenge; Kuva mu gukoresha neza ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa kugeza kuzamura imibereho y’umuryango, ikoreshwa ryinshi rya moteri ihoraho ya magnetiki ya sinhron ntabwo yateje imbere iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga gusa n’iterambere rishya mu nganda zinyuranye, ahubwo ryanagize uruhare runini mu iterambere ry’iterambere rirambye ku isi.

7. Ibyiza bya tekinike ya Anhui Mingteng moteri ihoraho

Anhui Mingteng Permanent-Magnetic Machinery & Electrical Equipment Co., Ltd. yiyemeje gukora ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere, gukora no kugurisha moteri ihoraho ya magnetiki ihoraho kuva yashingwa mu 2007. Kuva yashingwa, isosiyete yamye yubahiriza ubuyobozi bwa siyanse n’ikoranabuhanga bigezweho, hamwe na porogaramu yihariye yo gushushanya moteri yihariye. Yiganye kandi ibara umurima wa electromagnetique, umurima wamazi, umurima wubushyuhe, umurima uhangayitse, nibindi bya moteri ihoraho ya magneti, yatezimbere imiterere yumuzunguruko wa magneti, itezimbere urwego rwimikorere ya moteri, ikemura ibibazo byogusimbuza imbuga za moteri nini zihoraho hamwe nikibazo cyo gukoresha moteri ya magneti ihoraho, kandi byemeza byimazeyo gukoresha moteri zihoraho.

Nyuma yimyaka 18 yo kwegeranya tekinike, isosiyete yakoze igishushanyo mbonera nubushakashatsi bwa R&D kumurongo wuzuye wibikoresho bya moteri bihoraho bihoraho, kandi byateje imbere kandi bitanga ibisobanuro birenga 2000 byerekana moteri zitandukanye, bikoresha umubare munini wibishushanyo mbonera, gukora, kugerageza, no gukoresha amakuru. Yashizeho uburyo bwuzuye kandi bukuze buringaniye kandi buke bwumubyigano uhoraho wa sisitemu yo gutunganya ibinyabiziga bya moteri, hamwe nibice birenga 200 byibikoresho bitandukanye byo gukora, kandi ikora ubushobozi bwuzuye bwogukora moteri ya magnet moteri ihoraho kugirango ikore ubushobozi bwa miriyoni 2 kilowatt za moteri zihoraho hamwe na moteri imwe itarenza 8,000kW kumwaka.

Uburenganzira: Iyi ngingo ni ugusubiramo umubare rusange wa WeChat “中有科技”, umurongo wambere:

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