Iterambere rya moteri zihoraho zijyana cyane niterambere ryibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho. Ubushinwa nicyo gihugu cya mbere ku isi cyavumbuye ibintu bya magneti yibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho kandi bikabishyira mubikorwa. Imyaka irenga 2000 irashize, Ubushinwa bwakoresheje ibintu bya rukuruzi yibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho kugirango bikore compas, byagize uruhare runini mu kugenda, mu gisirikare no mu zindi nzego, maze biba kimwe mu bintu bine byavumbuwe mu Bushinwa bwa kera.
Moteri ya mbere kwisi, yagaragaye mu myaka ya za 1920, yari moteri ya rukuruzi ihoraho yakoreshaga magnesi zihoraho kugirango zitange imirima ishimishije. Nyamara, ibikoresho bya rukuruzi bihoraho byakoreshwaga muri kiriya gihe byari magnetite karemano (Fe3O4), yari ifite ingufu nke za rukuruzi. Moteri yakozwe muri yo yari nini mu bunini kandi bidatinze yasimbuwe na moteri ishimisha amashanyarazi.
Hamwe niterambere ryihuse rya moteri zitandukanye hamwe no kuvumbura magnetiseri zubu, abantu bakoze ubushakashatsi bwimbitse kubijyanye nuburyo, imiterere nogukora tekinoloji yibikoresho bya magnetiki bihoraho, kandi bagiye bavumbura ibikoresho bitandukanye bya magnetiki bihoraho nkibyuma bya karubone, tungsten ibyuma (ingufu za magnetiki ntarengwa zingana na 2.7 kJ / m3), hamwe nicyuma cya cobalt (ingufu za magneti ntarengwa zingana na 7.2 kJ / m3).
By'umwihariko, isura ya aluminium nikel cobalt ya magneti ahoraho mu myaka ya za 1930 (ingufu za magnetique ntarengwa zishobora kugera kuri 85 kJ / m3) na ferrite ya magnite ihoraho muri 1950 (ibicuruzwa bitanga ingufu za magneti bishobora kugera kuri 40 kJ / m3) byateje imbere cyane magnetiki , na moteri zitandukanye na moteri ntoya zatangiye gukoresha magnetiki zihoraho.Imbaraga za moteri zihoraho za magneti ziva kuri miliwatt nkeya kugeza kuri kilowat icumi. Zikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bya gisirikare, inganda nubuhinzi nubuzima bwa buri munsi, kandi umusaruro wabyo wiyongereye cyane.
Mu buryo nk'ubwo, muri iki gihe, hari intambwe imaze guterwa mu buryo bwo gushushanya, uburyo bwo kubara, magnetisiyonike n’ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora moteri ya moteri ihoraho, ikora isesengura ryuburyo bwubushakashatsi bugereranywa nuburyo bwa rukuruzi ikora igishushanyo mbonera. Nyamara, imbaraga zagahato za magneti zihoraho za AlNiCo ziri hasi (36-160 kA / m), kandi nubucucike bwa magnetiki bwa magnite ya ferrite ihoraho ntabwo iri hejuru (0.2-0.44 T), igabanya aho ikoreshwa muri moteri.
Mu myaka ya za 1960 na 1980 ni bwo isi idasanzwe ya cobalt ya magneti ahoraho hamwe na neodymium fer boron ya magneti ahoraho (hamwe na hamwe bita isi isanzwe idasanzwe). Imiterere ya magnetiki nziza cyane yubucucike bukomeye bwa magnetique, imbaraga zagahato nyinshi, ingufu za magnetique nyinshi hamwe numurongo wa demagnetisation umurongo urakwiriye cyane cyane gukora moteri, bityo bigatuma iterambere rya moteri zihoraho mugihe gishya cyamateka.
1.Ibikoresho bya rukuruzi bihoraho
Ibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho bikunze gukoreshwa muri moteri harimo magnesi yacumuye hamwe na magneti ahujwe, ubwoko bwibanze ni aluminium nikel cobalt, ferrite, samarium cobalt, neodymium fer boron, nibindi.
Alnico: Ibikoresho bya magnetiki bihoraho bya Alnico nimwe mubikoresho byakoreshwaga kera cyane bya magneti bihoraho, kandi uburyo bwo kuyitegura hamwe nikoranabuhanga birakuze.
Ferrite ihoraho: Mu myaka ya za 1950, ferrite yatangiye gutera imbere, cyane cyane mu myaka ya za 70, ubwo ferrite ya strontium ifite imbaraga zingirakamaro hamwe ningufu za rukuruzi zashyizwe mubikorwa byinshi, byihuta cyane gukoresha ferrite ihoraho. Nkibikoresho bya magnetiki bitari ibyuma, ferrite ntabwo ifite ibibi bya okiside yoroshye, ubushyuhe buke bwa Curie nigiciro kinini cyibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho, bityo birakunzwe cyane.
Samarium cobalt: Ibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho bifite ibintu byiza bya magnetique byagaragaye hagati ya za 1960 kandi bifite imikorere ihamye. Cobalt ya Samarium irakwiriye cyane cyane gukora moteri mu bijyanye na magnetique, ariko kubera igiciro cyayo kinini, ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bushakashatsi no guteza imbere moteri ya gisirikare nk'indege, icyogajuru, n'intwaro, na moteri mu buhanga buhanitse aho imikorere yo hejuru nigiciro ntabwo arimpamvu nyamukuru.
NdFeB: Ibikoresho bya magnetiki NdFeB ni umusemburo wa neodymium, oxyde de fer, nibindi, bizwi kandi nka magnetique. Ifite ingufu za magneti nyinshi cyane nimbaraga zo guhatira. Muri icyo gihe, ibyiza byo kuba ingufu nyinshi bituma NdFeB ibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zigezweho n’ikoranabuhanga rya elegitoroniki, bigatuma bishoboka kugabanya miniaturize, koroshya kandi yoroheje nk'ibikoresho, moteri ya electroacoustic, gutandukanya magneti na magnetisation. Kuberako irimo ubwinshi bwa neodymium na fer, biroroshye kubora. Ubutaka bwa chimique passivation nimwe mubisubizo byiza kurubu.
Kurwanya ruswa, ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwo gukora, imikorere yo gutunganya, imiterere ya demagnetisation,
no kugereranya ibiciro bisanzwe bikoreshwa mubikoresho bya magneti bihoraho kuri moteri (Ishusho)
2.Ingaruka yimiterere yicyuma cya magneti no kwihanganira imikorere ya moteri
1. Ingaruka z'ubugari bwa magneti
Iyo umuzenguruko w'imbere cyangwa wo hanze ukosowe, ikinyuranyo cyumwuka kiragabanuka kandi imbaraga za rukuruzi ziyongera iyo umubyimba wiyongereye. Ikigaragara kigaragara ni uko umuvuduko udafite umutwaro ugabanuka kandi nta-mutwaro ugenda ugabanuka munsi ya magnetisme asigaye, kandi imikorere ya moteri iriyongera. Ariko, hariho kandi ibibi, nko kwiyongera kwinyeganyeza rya moteri hamwe no kugabanuka gukabije kwa moteri. Kubwibyo, ubunini bwicyuma cya moteri ya moteri kigomba kuba gihamye gishoboka kugirango ugabanye kunyeganyega.
2.Ingaruka z'ubugari bwa magneti
Kuri moteri ya moteri itagira shitingi, icyuho cyose ntigishobora kurenga mm 0,5. Niba ari nto cyane, ntabwo izashyirwaho. Niba ari nini cyane, moteri iranyeganyega kandi igabanye imikorere. Ibi ni ukubera ko umwanya wibintu bya Hall bipima umwanya wa magneti ntabwo uhuye numwanya nyirizina wa rukuruzi, kandi ubugari bugomba kuba buhoraho, bitabaye ibyo moteri izaba ifite imikorere mike hamwe no kunyeganyega kwinshi.
Kuri moteri yasunitswe, hari intera runaka hagati ya magnesi, yabitswe kuri mehaniki yo guhinduranya inzibacyuho. Nubwo hari icyuho, abayikora benshi bafite uburyo bukomeye bwo kwishyiriraho magnet kugirango barebe neza niba ibyashizweho neza kugirango barebe neza aho moteri ikora. Niba ubugari bwa magneti burenze, ntibuzashyirwaho; niba ubugari bwa magneti ari buto cyane, bizatera magnet kudahuza, moteri iranyeganyega cyane, kandi imikorere izagabanuka.
3.Ingaruka za magnetiki ibyuma bya chamfer ingano na chamfer
Niba chamfer idakozwe, umuvuduko wimpinduka zumurima wa magneti kumpera yumurima wa magneti uzaba munini, bigatuma moteri ihinduka. Ninini ya chamfer, niko guhindagurika. Nyamara, gutondeka muri rusange bitera igihombo runaka mumashanyarazi. Kubisobanuro bimwe, igihombo cya magnetiki ni 0.5 ~ 1.5% mugihe chamfer ari 0.8. Kuri moteri yogejwe hamwe na magnetisme isigaye, kugabanya neza ubunini bwa chamfer bizafasha kwishyura magnetisime isigaye, ariko moteri ya moteri iziyongera. Muri rusange, iyo magnetisime isigaye ari mike, kwihanganira icyerekezo kirekire birashobora kwaguka muburyo bukwiye, ibyo bikaba bishobora kongera imbaraga za rukuruzi zingirakamaro kurwego runaka kandi bigatuma imikorere ya moteri idahinduka.
3.Amakuru kuri moteri ihoraho
1. Imiterere ya sisitemu ya magneti no kubara ibishushanyo
Kugirango utange umukino wuzuye kuri magnetiki yibikoresho bitandukanye bya magneti bihoraho, cyane cyane ibintu byiza bya magnetiki byisi bidasanzwe bya magneti bihoraho, no gukora moteri ihoraho ya moteri ihoraho, ntibishoboka gusa gukoresha imiterere nuburyo bwo kubara uburyo bwo kubara moteri gakondo ihoraho cyangwa moteri ya moteri ya electromagnetic. Ibishushanyo bishya bigomba gushyirwaho kugirango bongere gusesengura no kunoza imiterere ya rukuruzi. Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryibikoresho bya mudasobwa hamwe nikoranabuhanga rya software, hamwe nogukomeza kunoza uburyo bugezweho bwo gushushanya nka electromagnetic field numero numubare, kubara neza hamwe na tekinoroji yo kwigana, kandi kubwimbaraga zihuriweho nabanyeshuri biga moteri na injeniyeri, intambwe imaze guterwa. bikozwe muburyo bwo gushushanya, uburyo bwo kubara, uburyo bwo kubara no kugenzura tekinoroji ya moteri ihoraho ya magneti, ikora urutonde rwuzuye rwisesengura nuburyo bwubushakashatsi hamwe na mudasobwa ifashwa na mudasobwa hamwe na software ikora igereranya ikomatanya amashanyarazi yumubare numubare uhwanye na magnetiki yumuzingi wisesengura, kandi irimo kunozwa.
2. Ikibazo kidasubirwaho ikibazo cya demagnetisation
Niba igishushanyo cyangwa imikoreshereze idakwiye, moteri ya rukuruzi ihoraho irashobora kubyara demagnetisiyoneri idasubirwaho, cyangwa demagnetisiyonike, mugihe ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane (NdFeB ihoraho) cyangwa hasi cyane (magnite ferrite ihoraho), munsi ya armature reaction yatewe ningaruka zubu, cyangwa munsi yinyeganyeza ikomeye ya mashini, izagabanya imikorere ya moteri ndetse itume idakoreshwa. Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe kwiga no guteza imbere uburyo nibikoresho bikwiranye nabakora moteri kugirango bagenzure ubushyuhe bwumuriro bwibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho, no gusesengura ubushobozi bwo kurwanya demagnetisation yuburyo butandukanye, kugirango hafatwe ingamba zijyanye no gushushanya no gukora kwemeza ko moteri ya rukuruzi ihoraho idatakaza magnetism.
3.Ibibazo
Kubera ko isi idasanzwe ya rukuruzi ihoraho iracyahenze cyane, igiciro cya moteri idasanzwe ya moteri ya magneti ihoraho muri rusange irenze iy'imoteri ishimisha amashanyarazi, ikaba igomba kwishyurwa n’imikorere yayo myinshi no kuzigama mu bikorwa. Rimwe na rimwe, nka moteri yijwi rya moteri ya disiki ya mudasobwa ya mudasobwa, gukoresha magnesi zihoraho za NdFeB bitezimbere imikorere, bigabanya cyane ubwinshi nubwinshi, kandi bigabanya ibiciro byose. Mugushushanya, birakenewe gukora igereranya ryimikorere nigiciro ukurikije ibihe byakoreshejwe nibisabwa, no guhanga uburyo bwimiterere no kunoza ibishushanyo kugirango ugabanye ibiciro.
Anhui Mingteng Imashini Ihoraho Ibikoresho bya Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd. (https://www.mingtengmotor.com/). Igipimo cya demagnetisation yicyuma cya magnetiki gihoraho icyuma cya magnetiki ntikirenza igihumbi kumwaka.
Ibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho bya rotor ya moteri ihoraho ya societe yacu ikoresha ibicuruzwa bitanga ingufu za magnetique hamwe ningufu nyinshi zo mu nda zacumuye NdFeB, kandi amanota asanzwe ni N38SH, N38UH, N40UH, N42UH, nibindi. Fata N38SH, icyiciro gikunze gukoreshwa mubigo byacu. , nk'urugero: 38- byerekana ingufu za magnetique ntarengwa ya 38MGOe; SH yerekana ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwa 150 ℃. UH ifite ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwa 180 ℃. Isosiyete yateguye ibikoresho byumwuga kandi ikanayobora ibikoresho byo guteranya ibyuma bya magneti, ikanasesengura neza polarite yicyuma cyateranijwe hamwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bufatika, kuburyo agaciro kagereranijwe ka magnetiki flux ya buri cyuma cya magnetiki yegeranye, ibyo bikaba byemeza guhuza magneti umuzenguruko hamwe nubwiza bwo guteranya ibyuma bya magneti.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-30-2024